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2000 - Medical Payments
MEDICAL PAYMENTS SUBROGATION RIGHTS MAY NOT EXIST WITH A PASSENGER
Ohio has long recognized subrogation rights of an insurance company under medical payments coverage found in their policies. See Smith v. Travelers Ins. Co. (1977), 50 Ohio St. 2d. 43. In Smith, the Ohio Supreme Court established the right where the parties have contracted for subrogation as part of the policy. This point has not been revisited by courts in some time.
However, the Eleventh District Court of Appeals for Ohio recently revisited medical payments subrogation with shocking results for insurers. See Johnson v. Progressive Ins. Co. (1999), 1999 WL 1313672. In Johnson, the Appellate court faced a claim for subrogation in connection with a passenger in their insured's automobile. In reversing the trial court, the Appellate court stated they could find neither a contractual right to subrogation nor an equitable right to subrogation on the part of Progressive. The trial court rejected Progressive's reliance on the contract of insurance as Johnson was not a party to the contract. The court rejected arguments by Progressive that by accepting the medical benefits the passenger was subject to the terms of the contract.
The Johnson appellate court likewise refused to rule on whether Progressive has an equitable right of subrogation or not for its medical payments. The court remanded the action to the trial court for evidence on whether or not the injured party was fully compensated. Progressive, paying the medical payments as provided in its contract, may ultimately have no right to recover any of its payments back from the responsible party.
The Johnson case is not legal precedent for the entire state of Ohio. However, it does represent potential problems for medical payments subrogation within the Eleventh District (Lake, Ashtabula, Trumbull, Portage and Geauga counties). Also, it will be used as authority in other districts to claim no subrogation exists. An insurance company can attempt to correct this problem through a written agreement. If possible, a claim for medical payments will be paid only if the injured party signs an agreement to repay the carrier in full from any settlement regardless of whether the injured party is made-whole. A carrier should try to revise its medical payments provisions to require such executed agreement before the payment of any claims is made. Insurers need to pay careful attention to the steps taken by the medical payments claim department as their actions may limit subrogation potential.
©2000 Kreiner & Peters Co., L.P.A.
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